Synthesis

• The chapter presents an overview of the emerging models of volunteer–state partnerships in deliberative governance, co-production of services and social innovation. These models are based on case study research across five regions: Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Arab States, and Latin America and the Caribbean.
• The chapter provides a framework for understanding how relations between volunteers and state authorities evolve through three forms of partnerships: deliberation, collaboration and connections. It describes how these three forms of partnerships can lead to more equitable and inclusive partnerships.